Physical, Chemical & Thermal Properties Of Cotton

Physical, Chemical & Thermal Properties Of Cotton



Physical, Chemical & Thermal Properties Of Cotton
Physical, Chemical & Thermal Properties Of Cotton


Composition:

In the chemical structure of cotton, the maximum portion is cellulose and the rest is composed of different types of dust and wax like materials. The whole chemical construction of cotton can be described as follows:

  • Cellulose:80-90 %
  • Waxes & Fats: 0.5-1 %
  • Proteins: 0-1.5 %
  • Hemicelluloses & Pectin€™s: 4-6 %
  • Water: 6-8 %
  • Ash & Mineral Matters: 1-1.8 %

Physical Properties:

  1. Specific gravity: 1.52-1.55
  2. Strength (Tenacity): 3.0 - 4.9 g/d (Cotton is 20% stronger when wet). Fiber elongation is almost linear to the stress imposed
  3. Elasticity: Relatively low
  4. Absorbency and MR%: 7-8% at standard conditions
  5. Birefringence: 0.046
  6. Dielectric constant: 3.9-7.5
  7. Resistivity: Order of 109 ohm/cm3
  8. Micronaire: 2.0 - 6.5 (upland cotton)
  9. Denier: 0.7 - 2.3 (upland cotton)
  10. Length: 0.9 - 1.2 in (upland cotton)
  11. Diameter: 9.77 - 27.26ÂÂĩm
  12. Coefficient of friction: 0.25 (for raw dry cotton, otherwise strongly changes for treated and/or wet fiber)
  13. Breaking Extension: 5-7%
  14. Resiliency: Relatively low
  15. Dimensional Stability: Medium
  16. Abrasion Resistance: Better
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Chemical Properties:

 
Effect of Bleach: Cotton fiber is resistant to bleach & H2O2 , NaOCl , NaClO2 , Ca(OCl)Cl are used as bleaching agents.


Effect of Acid: Cotton fiber is dissolved in high concentrated mineral acid but organic acid cannot dissolve it.


Effect of Alkali: Cotton fiber is resistant to alkali. Scouring is done by using alkali for removing impurities.


Effect of Heat: Cotton fiber burns rapidly in air. It begins to turn yellow after several hours at 120oC and decomposes at 150oC.


Effect of Sunlight: Cotton fiber can absorb heat and energy from sunlight. But excess application of sunlight may degrade the polymer system of fiber as it is attacked by the UV- ray of sunlight.


Effect of Organic Solvent: Cotton fiber is well resistant to most organic solvent.


Dye ability: Reactive, Direct, Vat, Azoic, Mordant Dyes are used to dye cotton fiber. But the best dye for cotton fiber is Reactive Dye.



Thermal Properties:

  • Cotton requires particular temperature, humidity and possibly ventilation conditions.
  • Favorable travel temperature range: no lower limit < 25°C
  • Optimum travel temperature: 20°C
  • Auto ignition temperature (for oily cotton: 120°C
  • Glow temperature: 205°C
  • Fire point: 210°C
  • Ignition temperature: 407°C


At temperatures > 25°C, cotton dries out, becomes hard and brittle and losses elasticity. Light causes the same deterioration. The optimum temperature for mold development is 25 - 35°C.

Cotton is subject to self-heating/spontaneous combustion. The auto ignition temperature of oily cotton is 120°C.


At temperatures < 0°C there is no risk of wet bales rotting, since this process stops at low temperatures. In some cases, damaged cotton has been placed in intermediate cold storage, so preventing rot.


Every hold should be equipped with means for measuring temperature. Measurements must be performed and recorded daily.



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āφāϰāĻ“ āĻĒ⧜ুāύঃ 

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➤ āϟেāĻ•্āϏāϟাāχāϞ āĻĢাāχāĻŦাāϰ āĻāϰ āĻŦৈāĻļিāώ্āϟ্āϝāϏāĻŽূāĻš
➤ āĻĢাāχāĻŦাāϰেāϰ āĻļ্āϰেāĻŖীāĻŦিāύ্āϝাāϏ
➤ Physical, Chemical & Thermal Properties Of Cotton
➤ āĻŦিāĻ­িāύ্āύ āĻĒ্āϰāĻ•াāϰ āĻĢাāχāĻŦাāϰেāϰ āϏাāĻĨে āĻĒāϰিāϚিāϤি
➤ āϟেāĻ•্āϏāϟাāχāϞ āĻĢাāχāĻŦাāϰ āĻ•ি? āϏ্āϟ্āϝাāĻĒāϞ āϞেāύ্āĻĨ āĻāϰ āωāĻĒāϰ āĻ­িāϤ্āϤি āĻ•āϰে āĻĢাāχāĻŦাāϰ āĻ•āϤো āĻĒ্āϰāĻ•াāϰ?
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➤ Morphological Structure Of Jute Fiber

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